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workflows/vm-troubleshooter/references/rdp-connectivity.md
1# Unable to RDP into the VM2User is trying to RDP into a Windows VM but the connection fails (timeout, refused, or error dialog).4## Symptoms → Solutions6| Symptom | Solution | Documentation |8| --------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |9| Connection times out, no response at all | NSG missing allow rule for port 3389 | [NSG blocking RDP](https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/troubleshoot/azure/virtual-machines/windows/troubleshoot-rdp-nsg-problem) |10| Connection times out, NSG rules look correct | Guest OS firewall is blocking inbound RDP | [Guest OS firewall blocking](https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/troubleshoot/azure/virtual-machines/windows/guest-os-firewall-blocking-inbound-traffic) |11| "Your credentials did not work" | Wrong password or username format | [Credentials error](https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/troubleshoot/azure/virtual-machines/windows/troubleshoot-specific-rdp-errors#windows-security-error-your-credentials-did-not-work) |12| "An internal error has occurred" | RDP service, TLS certificate, or security layer issue | [RDP internal error](https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/troubleshoot/azure/virtual-machines/windows/troubleshoot-rdp-internal-error) |13| Black screen after login | Explorer.exe crash, GPU driver, or GPO stuck | [Detailed RDP troubleshooting](https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/troubleshoot/azure/virtual-machines/windows/detailed-troubleshoot-rdp) |14| "No Remote Desktop License Servers available" | RDS licensing grace period expired | [Specific RDP errors](https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/troubleshoot/azure/virtual-machines/windows/troubleshoot-specific-rdp-errors#rdplicense) |15| "Remote Desktop can't find the computer" | VM has no public IP, DNS issue, or VM is deallocated | [Specific RDP errors](https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/troubleshoot/azure/virtual-machines/windows/troubleshoot-specific-rdp-errors#rdpname) |16| "An authentication error has occurred / LSA" | NLA/CredSSP mismatch, clock skew, or wrong username format | [Specific RDP errors](https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/troubleshoot/azure/virtual-machines/windows/troubleshoot-specific-rdp-errors#rdpauth) |17| "Remote Desktop can't connect to the remote computer" | Generic — multiple possible causes | [Specific RDP errors](https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/troubleshoot/azure/virtual-machines/windows/troubleshoot-specific-rdp-errors#rdpconnect) |18| "Because of a security error" | TLS certificate or version mismatch | [RDP general error](https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/troubleshoot/azure/virtual-machines/windows/troubleshoot-rdp-general-error) |19| RDP connects then disconnects immediately | Session limits, idle timeout, or resource exhaustion | [RDP disconnections](https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/troubleshoot/azure/virtual-machines/windows/troubleshoot-rdp-connection) |20| Works from some IPs but not others | NSG source IP restriction too narrow | [NSG blocking RDP](https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/troubleshoot/azure/virtual-machines/windows/troubleshoot-rdp-nsg-problem) |21| Event log shows specific RDP error Event IDs | Match Event ID to known cause (e.g., 1058, 36870) | [RDP issues by Event ID](https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/troubleshoot/azure/virtual-machines/windows/event-id-troubleshoot-vm-rdp-connecton) |22| "Authentication error has occurred" / "function requested is not supported" | CredSSP, NLA, or certificate issue | [Authentication errors on RDP](https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/troubleshoot/azure/virtual-machines/windows/cannot-connect-rdp-azure-vm) |23| Guest NIC is disabled inside the VM | Enable NIC via Run Command or Serial Console | [Troubleshoot RDP — NIC disabled](https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/troubleshoot/azure/virtual-machines/windows/troubleshoot-rdp-nic-disabled) |24## Quick Commands26> ⚠️ **Warning:** Commands marked with ⚡ use the VM agent/extensions. Run [Pre-Flight Safety Checks](cannot-connect-to-vm.md#pre-flight-safety-checks) before using them.28```bash30# Check VM power state31az vm get-instance-view --name <vm-name> -g <resource-group> \32--query "instanceView.statuses[1].displayStatus" -o tsv33# Check NSG rules35az network nsg rule list --nsg-name <nsg-name> -g <resource-group> -o table36# ⚡ Reset RDP configuration to defaults (re-enables RDP, resets port, restarts TermService)38az vm user reset-remote-desktop --name <vm-name> -g <resource-group>39# ⚡ Reset VM password41az vm user update --name <vm-name> -g <resource-group> -u <username> -p '<new-password>'42# IP Flow Verify — test if NSG allows traffic44az network watcher test-ip-flow --direction Inbound --protocol TCP \45--local <vm-private-ip>:3389 --remote <your-public-ip>:* \46--vm <vm-name> -g <resource-group>47```48## General RDP Troubleshooting50If the symptom doesn't match a specific row above, follow Microsoft's systematic approach:52- [Troubleshoot RDP connections to an Azure VM](https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/troubleshoot/azure/virtual-machines/windows/troubleshoot-rdp-connection)54- [Detailed RDP troubleshooting steps](https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/troubleshoot/azure/virtual-machines/windows/detailed-troubleshoot-rdp)55