1---
2title: System Program
3description: Kit-compatible @solana-program/system client for account creation, SOL transfers, and nonce operations.
4---
5 
6# System Program
7 
8Solana's built-in program for creating accounts, transferring SOL, and managing durable nonces. Every on-chain account is created through this program.
9 
10If using plugin clients, prefer `client.use(systemProgram())` for a fluent API. The low-level instructions below are for manual `pipe()` transaction building. See [overview.md](../overview.md) and [plugins.md](../plugins.md).
11 
12Program address: `11111111111111111111111111111111`
13 
14```ts
15import { SYSTEM_PROGRAM_ADDRESS } from '@solana-program/system';
16```
17 
18## Account Types
19 
20### Nonce
21 
22Durable nonces replace blockhash lifetimes — use for offline signing or delayed submission.
23 
24```ts
25import { fetchNonce, getNonceSize } from '@solana-program/system';
26 
27const size = getNonceSize(); // 80 bytes
28const nonce = await fetchNonce(rpc, nonceAddress);
29// nonce.data.authority, nonce.data.blockhash
30```
31 
32## Key Instructions
33 
34### Create Account
35 
36Allocates a new account with a given size and owner. Fund with enough lamports for rent-exemption (`getMinimumBalanceForRentExemption`).
37 
38```ts
39import { getCreateAccountInstruction } from '@solana-program/system';
40import { lamports } from '@solana/kit';
41 
42const ix = getCreateAccountInstruction({
43  payer,
44  newAccount,
45  lamports: lamports(minRent),
46  space: accountSize,
47  programAddress: ownerProgram,
48});
49```
50 
51### Transfer SOL
52 
53```ts
54import { getTransferSolInstruction } from '@solana-program/system';
55import { lamports } from '@solana/kit';
56 
57const ix = getTransferSolInstruction({
58  source: payer,
59  destination: recipient.address,
60  amount: lamports(1_000_000_000n), // 1 SOL
61});
62```
63 
64### Initialize Nonce Account
65 
66```ts
67import { getInitializeNonceAccountInstruction } from '@solana-program/system';
68 
69const ix = getInitializeNonceAccountInstruction({
70  nonceAccount,
71  nonceAuthority: authority.address,
72});
73```
74 
75### Advance Nonce
76 
77```ts
78import { getAdvanceNonceAccountInstruction } from '@solana-program/system';
79 
80const ix = getAdvanceNonceAccountInstruction({
81  nonceAccount,
82  nonceAuthority: authority,
83});
84```
85 
86## Complete Pattern: Create Account + Transfer
87 
88```ts
89import {
90  pipe, createTransactionMessage, setTransactionMessageFeePayerSigner,
91  setTransactionMessageLifetimeUsingBlockhash, appendTransactionMessageInstructions,
92  signTransactionMessageWithSigners, sendAndConfirmTransactionFactory,
93  assertIsTransactionWithBlockhashLifetime, generateKeyPairSigner, lamports,
94} from '@solana/kit';
95import { getCreateAccountInstruction, getTransferSolInstruction, SYSTEM_PROGRAM_ADDRESS } from '@solana-program/system';
96 
97// Generate new account
98const newAccount = await generateKeyPairSigner();
99 
100// Get minimum rent
101const minRent = await rpc.getMinimumBalanceForRentExemption(0n).send();
102 
103const { value: latestBlockhash } = await rpc.getLatestBlockhash().send();
104 
105const message = pipe(
106  createTransactionMessage({ version: 0 }),
107  m => setTransactionMessageFeePayerSigner(payer, m),
108  m => setTransactionMessageLifetimeUsingBlockhash(latestBlockhash, m),
109  m => appendTransactionMessageInstructions([
110    getCreateAccountInstruction({
111      payer,
112      newAccount,
113      lamports: lamports(minRent),
114      space: 0,
115      programAddress: SYSTEM_PROGRAM_ADDRESS,
116    }),
117    getTransferSolInstruction({
118      source: payer,
119      destination: newAccount.address,
120      amount: lamports(1_000_000_000n),
121    }),
122  ], m),
123);
124 
125const sendAndConfirm = sendAndConfirmTransactionFactory({ rpc, rpcSubscriptions });
126const signed = await signTransactionMessageWithSigners(message);
127assertIsTransactionWithBlockhashLifetime(signed);
128await sendAndConfirm(signed, { commitment: 'confirmed' });
129```
130 
131## Error Handling
132 
133```ts
134import { isSystemError, SYSTEM_ERROR__INSUFFICIENT_FUNDS } from '@solana-program/system';
135 
136try {
137  await sendTransaction(tx);
138} catch (e) {
139  if (isSystemError(e, SYSTEM_ERROR__INSUFFICIENT_FUNDS)) {
140    console.error('Not enough SOL for transfer');
141  }
142}
143```
144